Want you gone - Portal 2 fanmade video
Cats, please, guys. There’s some complicated stuff going on, and Cats Are Good.
This is my cat. She doesn’t let me read by myself so I read out loud to her and she purrs like a generator full of bees.
These are my cats. As ex-strays who decided to move in with me, they both like to help me when I’m working. Top: Assistant Housepainter Percy. Bottom: Assistant Report Editor Thomas.
El Diablo sympathizes. He prefers the snuggly, stress-free life. He would like to offer his fluffy belly, if you need some place soft to put your face for a minute. He promises his name is not indicative of his character.
This is Donut. He is weird.
this is tuggy and i dont know how to save instagram pics
this is bernoulli she has baby soft rabbit fur and knows how to high five for treats
This is Hudson. He likes to suckle on things excessively and eat butter. And bread. And takeout. Hes especially fond of pizza…
Have some ‘if it fits, i sits’ featuring Tick Tick and Poa.
this is my mochabean. she is my best girl and best nurse. will purr and snuggle in until you feel better
It kinda blew my mind to learn today that “thou” was actually an informal form, and “you/ye” was the fancy one
Now whenever I see “thou” I read it in a tone kinda like “y’all” in tumblr posts and like… 1600s bible verses were supposed to be perfectly frank, not stilted. this changes everything………..
“Listen, then, if y'all have ears!” - Jesus, maybe
Thou’d’ve
THAINT
jillandjackalope asked:
have you considered... Weyoun 6 lives and joins the Daddy Issues Lunchtable?
pizdulgiver-deactivated20190806 answered:
welcome to the fold, 6!
For I will Consider my Cat Jeoffry
nobodysuspectsthebutterfly asked:
Hey, got some chemistry questions, and you of course are my go-to there. :) First question-- I read that an ammonia solution can be used to prevent the coagulation of raw rubber latex. Would this also work with another kind of plant latex, say opium poppy latex? Would this do anything to the alkaloids in the opium? And does this bear any resemblance to how morphine is precipitated from opium using ammonium hydroxide? (Been spending way too much time researching drugs for fandom questions...)
sodiumlamp answered:
You’re on the right track. First, I need to explain what latex is and why it coagulates.
nobodysuspectsthebutterfly asked:
Second question, completely different. I had a gallon bottle of grape juice that was almost empty. When I opened it, there was a release of a foul-smelling gas that I think must have been some kind of sulfur, maybe broken down from the sulfite preservative in the grape juice. (Potassium Metabisulfite, says the ingredients label.) Do you know how that could have happened? I've sometimes poured the juice into a crystal glass, not drunk all of it, and poured back the remainder into the bottle.
sodiumlamp answered:
The metasulfite ion, also known as the disulfite ion, is
S2O52−
.
In aqueous solutions, under acidic conditions, it converts into the sulfite ion and sulfur dioxide.
S2O52− ⇋ SO32− + SO2
This is what makes metabisulfite salts useful as preservatives. Sulfur dioxide gas is soluble in water, and at low concentrations, it can serve as an antioxidant and an antimicrobial agent.
The potassium and sodium salts of metabisulfite appear to be the most commonly used, and both are important chemicals in brewing and winemaking. Normally, we think of fermentation as something you want to happen when you’re making alcoholic beverages. You need microbes like yeast to metabolize sugars into ethanol. However, you always run the risk of having wild microbes in the mix, which don’t ferment as well as others, and wind up producing an undesired amount of hydrogen sulfide waste. To cope with this, winemakers and brewers use metabisulfite salts, which introduce a small concentration of sulfur dioxide, which neutralizes any hydrogen sulfide present in the product.
SO2 + 2 H2S → 3 S + 2 H2O
This may seem counterproductive, since you’re just using one smelly sulfur gas to counter another smelly sulfur gas, and you end up with elemental sulfur, which stinks too. In fact, elemental sulfur is odorless. The rotten egg smell associated with sulfur is just hydrogen sulfide that forms when a sample of sulfur is exposed to moisture in the air. Sulfur dioxide has a bad odor too, but it’s more like the smell of a matchstick just after you strike it.
What sets hydrogen sulfide apart is that it doesn’t take very much at all to cause a stink. The odor threshold for
H2S
is just 0.47 parts-per-billion. So you can see how it wouldn’t take much to ruin a batch of wine. Fortunately, this also means it doesn’t take much metabisulfite to counteract the odor, and the sulfur dioxide concentration involved probably isn’t anywhere near enough to be noticed.
What I think is happening in your grape juice is that it’s been sitting around for a long time, and it’s just begun to spoil. There were probably some microbes present in the juice in the first place, and the preservative was able to keep them in check. But over time the sulfur dioxide dissolved in the juice would eventually work its way out of solution and into the atmosphere. There was probably enough metabisulfite to compensate for this, forming more sulfur dioxide to replenish what was lost to attrition, but it couldn’t last forever. And every time you open the bottle, you’re exposing the juice to new microbes floating around in the air. Eventually, you get to a tipping point where there’s enough microbes present to start spoiling the juice, and not enough metabisulfite ions to stop them.
I don’t know that hydrogen sulfide would be a major byproduct of this process, but again, it doesn’t need to be, because the odor threshold is so low. I suppose the human sensitivity to
H2S odor is something we evolved to recognize food that’s no longer edible. Even a small amount tells us that something is seriously wrong. The real danger might be the increased microbial activity, or a much higher content of some other byproduct that doesn’t have a distinctive odor, but the rotten egg smell is what throws up the red flag.
Transferring the juice from one container to another and back again may have accelerated the process, but this was going to happen no matter what. My advice is to buy grape juice by the quart instead.
nobodysuspectsthebutterfly asked:
Hey, so I was wondering, what's up with the exothermic reaction between hydrogen peroxide and blood? I mean, it gets pretty darn hot! I tried looking up some info, but all I could find was that it *was* an exothermic reaction, not why. (BTW, this is not a weird fandom question, just a weird personal life question.)
sodiumlamp answered:
The short ‘n’ general answer is that hydrogen peroxide releases heat as it decomposes, because its decomposition products (oxygen and water) are more stable than hydrogen peroxide itself. If you can make a lot of hydrogen peroxide decompose all at once, it’s going to get hot enough to get noticed.
Like all peroxides, hydrogen peroxide has an oxygen-oxygen bond:
H-O-O-H
This O-O bond is rather weak, to the point where it can actually split apart with only a modest amount of heat, resulting in a pair of hydroxyl radicals.
H-O-O-H → HO• + • OH
This is what’s known as homolytic cleavage, where two bonded atoms split apart, and each atom takes one of the two electrons used in the bond. These hydroxyl radicals are very reactive, and this is what’s behind hydrogen peroxide’s potency as an oxidizer. It can destroy dyes in fabrics just like household bleach, or even cause flammable materials to ignite.
If the peroxide bond were more stable, it might be practical for the hydroxyl radicals to recombine into hydrogen peroxide, and the homolytic cleavage would be reversible. If this were so, hydrogen peroxide would be quite stable, and a bottle of it would simply exist in an equilibrium, with some of the molecules in the peroxide form, and others split apart into radicals.
H-O-O-H ⇋ HO• + • OH
But this isn’t how it works in the real world. The O-O bond is weak, which means that it takes some amount of energy to maintain it, and once the bond is broken, that energy is released as heat. While conditions may exist to reverse the cleavage, it takes far less energy to simply rearrange the hydroxyl radicals into molecules of oxygen and water, and this is what slowly happens inside any bottle of hydrogen peroxide solution. Given enough time, every single molecule of hydrogen peroxide in the bottle will break down.
2 H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
While heat is released through this process, it happens so gradually that it’s dispersed before it can raise the temperature of the surroundings. But if you speed up the decomposition, you can heat things up very quickly. An increase in pH or temperature will make hydrogen peroxide decompose faster, which is why it’s manufactured under slightly acidic conditions, and the dilute solutions are the safest, and it should be stored at room temperature.
But one other way to speed up the decomposition is to expose the stuff to a catalyst, and that’s where blood comes in.
I didn’t know blood had any significant reaction with hydrogen peroxide until today, so I went looking around for a video and found this one below. So heads up to anyone who’s squeamish, or any vampires out there who hate to see food go to waste.
As it turns out, blood contains an enzyme called catalase, which is specifically there to neutralize reactive oxygen species like hydrogen peroxide. While the reaction mechanism isn’t really well understood, the point is that catalase breaks down the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. Of course, hydrogen peroxide would do this on its own eventually, but the catalase in blood makes this happen much, much faster. So all that energy is released at once, and that’s why the mixture of blood and hydrogen peroxide heats up the way it does.
But there’s nothing unique about the role played by the blood. Catalase can be found in other life forms, including plants and fungi, and there are other chemicals which will catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. For example, potassium iodide is commonly used in the ‘elephant toothpaste’ experiment.
As you can see in the above gif, there’s steam coming off of the foam, because it’s hot from the reaction that just took place.
“For this he performs in ten degrees.
For first he looks upon his forepaws to see if they are clean.
For secondly he kicks up behind to clear away there.
For thirdly he works it upon stretch with the forepaws extended.
For fourthly he sharpens his paws by wood.
For fifthly he washes himself.
For sixthly he rolls upon wash.
For seventhly he fleas himself, that he may not be interrupted upon the beat.
For eighthly he rubs himself against a post.
For ninthly he looks up for his instructions.
For tenthly he goes in quest of food.“
bee-squared-official
